media

The Journey of the Journalist: Part 1: Why is saving journalism not enough?

Friday, June 5th, 2009

journalismnewspapers

I’ve been a journalist for 20 years– through full-time jobs at Newsweek, MTV, CNN, ABC, Oxygen, and NPR; part-time ones at One Economy, KALW, and WNYC; the founding and (ongoing) rebuilding of PopandPolitics.com; and three non-fiction books on race, politics, and media. I’ve rolled with the punches and thrown a few. But now more than ever, the business that I entered at the age of sixteen, with my first national publication, is, well, in a hell of hurt. Many of my highly skilled friends who report, edit, or run newsrooms are unemployed, underemployed, or just plain scared.

I say this to set the table for a series of blog pots/musings. I’m a practitioner of journalism; a consumer of journalism; a critic… sometimes a journalism educator; sometimes an entrepreneur. I’m worried, and not just for myself. (I would be lying if I said I don’t have many jobs and opportunities; and disingenuous if I said I was calm.)

Lots of people are worried about the fate of reporting and media in America. Organizations are going bankrupt or out of business, including scores of America’s daily newspapers. Tens of thousands of journalists are being given their walking papers and finding they cannot re-enter the industry. We have created ways that entirely new forms of media can upend “old media,” but that digital victory is without a clear profit model. Yes, in the short term, media is the crushed anthill: damage, death, panic, rushing disorder. But I believe that journalists, like our smaller, more resilient, and far more numerous insect cousins, are prone and programmed to rebuild.

Rebuilding is great. But is it enough? What if we put the profit back in media? What if you can build new media empires that make the owners rich or the foundation heads lauded; the employees comfortable; and the consumers reasonably satisfied? What then? Do we in the business breathe with relief, pay off our credit card bills, and settle in for another round of who-gets-the-corner-office? We’re worried about the means and the method of rebuilding media. But judging from my personal on- and off- the record discussions with for- and non-profit media businesses, as well as interactions at an endless numbers of “whither this/whither that” panels and conferences (and looking at the demographics of who’s in the room)… we’re not ready to face our biggest demon. That demon is exclusion: the way many Americans are cut out of media production and consumption, and the way many of us in the business are sanguine about it.

We in the media are not “the people,” nor do we represent them as fully as we often claim to. “Citizen journalism,” as we now call it, may be valuable and produced by non-traditional journalists. But most of the people who create it are still more educated, more technologically skilled, and more likely to be white than the demographics of the overall U.S. population. (By and large, “citizen journalists” are also less skilled at tasks like investigative reporting and historical research than traditional journalists.)

When forty percent of Americans are of limited literacy, let alone whatever digital divide still remains, then we have a much bigger problem than trying to build innovative blog rings, aggregators, local news sites or content engines. When the ranks of non-white journalists, already limited, are falling faster in the era of cutbacks than they were before–we have a problem. When organizations question the objectivity of people who fall outside of institutional norms… in some newsrooms, say, gays and lesbians; in others, Southerners or rural people … but they DON’T question the means and motives of people who fit the majority: that is a problem. When the journalism organizations designed to champion diversity have drawn so many checks from corporations that they cannot afford to challenge business owners… or only realize too late (once the checks are gone) that they should be… that too is a problem.

We are only as good as our willingness to change. And while the journalism industry is willing to rebuild itself, I am not convinced we’re challenging ourselves to provide an ethical context around reporting on a diverse society in transition.

Recently I met in a newsroom with a younger journalist who said: “It’s ridiculous that the newsroom is this white in a city this diverse.”

I shrugged and nodded. It wasn’t a “you’re wrong” shrug and nod. It was more a “yeah, been there, done that, wrote the book, fought the layoff, got my butt whipped, still standing, what did you expect?” gesture. The reality is, I didn’t want to talk about it because I didn’t have anything to say that would have inspired this person.

Now, after much reflection, I do. I say to myself as much as to anyone else in media: “Keep fighting for your ideals… if you don’t win, you will at least know why you are in the game.” I believe good journalism usually comes from a mix of vocation, or personal calling, and avocation– the latter in the sense of having a “day job” rather than having a hobby. Most successful journalists I know are, as one college student who recently interviewed me put it, “hustlers”– people whose mix of skill, institutional memory, luck, and self-promotional tendencies make them formidable at staying in the game.

Most of us will have not just several jobs but several careers in our lifetime. I don’t count on being a working journalist forever. (No, I’m not planning to leave the profession any time soon.) I believe journalism has changed me, mainly but not always the land before time ii the great valley adventure dvd for the better. I will always have the eyes and ears of a journalist, which is a valuable skill but sometimes puts me in an alienating social position.

This series of blog columns, “The Journey of the Journalist,” is my attempt to think and write at the same time. It’s not a finished product in the same sense a magazine article or television piece is, but rather a data point for a conversation. My motivation is to share some of my journey and simultaneously record and reflect on it; to share and to learn; to listen and learn from others.

I don’t know what form this will ultimately take, but I’ve set off the journey.

See you on the road.

Peace,
Farai

@faraichideya
www.faraichideya.com

Media Watchdog: A No on 8 Campaign Postmortem

Wednesday, November 26th, 2008

In the wake of Proposition 8’s passage, which banned same-sex marriage in California, thousands of people rallied and marched in support of same-sex marriage across the state and across the country. Shouldn’t these have been victory rallies? After all, in late September opponents of Proposition 8 outnumbered its supporters.

There have been plenty of reasons thrown out for why the No on 8 campaign didn’t work, and the Advocate, the leading LGBT newsmagazine, details them all in its campaign postmortem. Did the Mormon church swing the election, with its large donations? How well did the No on 8 campaign rally support when poll numbers began tightening?

Poll numbers did consistently tighten, and that first narrowing happened after the Yes on 8 campaign introduced its first television advertisement. What role did the No on 8 media campaign have in the proposition’s passage? 

John Barrett, the editor-in-chief of the Advocate and Karen Tongson, an English and gender studies professor at the University of Southern California whose research interests include queer popular culture offered insights to why Prop 8 passed.

The first No on 8 television spot featured Julia and Sam Thoron, a couple married for 46 years with a gay daughter. While Tongson thought the couple was “sweet,” she said the spot started the campaign on the wrong message. “Fighting on the turf of family representation is not the turf to fight on,” Tongson said. “That will push people deeper into their sense of protectionism of so-called conventional families.”

While the TV ad did mention the Thorons’ “gay daughter,” viewers only saw a brief still photo of her. “Gay people were never seen in the ads,” Barrett said. “We should be seeing gay people, not talking about them. The only time we saw gay people was in the Yes on 8 campaign. There are much more favorable images out there.”

Lorri Jean, the CEO of the L.A. Gay and Lesbian Center and one of the directors of the No on 8 campaign, told the Advocate the campaign was expecting different responses to the ads from gays and undecided voters. “We knew all along that it was very likely that the ads that would be effective with undecided voters would not be viscerally appealing to our community,” Jean said. “Every single one of those ads tested well with undecided voters.”

The No on 8 campaign followed with a television spot of two women sharing photos over coffee, including photos of a niece’s wedding to her female partner. The spot didn’t show the pictures. Tongson said the ad was “ambiguous and odd,” because “they didn’t mention the word ‘gay’ once.” She said stepping around the issue of who would be directly affected by the passage of Proposition 8 wasn’t useful. “I don’t think anyone needs to make anybody feel comfortable. I think if you use the language of rights, you should ask ‘look, should people be unequal?’”

And by stepping around the issue, Barrett said, the No on 8 campaign did itself a disservice. “There was just so much confusion,” Barrett said. “People didn’t know what they were voting for. I know a lot of people who thought they were voting yes for gay marriage.”

The Yes on 8 television ad that arguably did the most damage suggested that if Proposition 8 wasn’t passed, gay marriage would be taught in schools. It began airing the first week of October. The No on 8 campaign responded swiftly, but with a fairly generic ad about the other side’s “lies.” It wasn’t until two weeks later that an ad responded directly to the Yes campaign’s school allegations. While California’s superintendent of schools said that “Prop 8 has nothing to do with schools or kids,” many voters’ opinions had changed. A poll conducted on Oct. 17 showed the race tightening further.

Because it needed to take precious time and money responding to the Yes on 8 ads, the No on 8 campaign also wasn’t able to spread its own message, and show voters that since gays had started marrying in June, voters’ lives hadn’t changed in any significant way. “The No on 8 side was so much more on the defensive,” Barrett said. “It was trying to reply, instead of getting a positive message out there. If you’re putting positive images out there, you are addressing the fact that this [proposition] is a scary thing happening. You’re asking voters, ‘Since June, has your marriage really be threatened?’”

In a campaign season where one of the major presidential candidates was black, and minorities were predicted to come to the polls in record numbers, Tongson said the No on 8 campaign didn’t do a good enough job reaching out to minority voters. An advertisement narrated by actor Samuel L. Jackson reminded viewers about California’s past miscegenation laws and internment camps, and said Prop 8 would eliminate other fundamental rights.

“Most people are responsive to the idea of keeping their hands off civil rights for people, and especially for rewriting the Constitution,” Tongson said. “I think that any image that can be tied to that, especially the broader concept of civil rights, would have been much more effective.”

The No on 8 discrimination ad certainly did what Tongson suggested, but it started airing less than a week before the election.

After the election was over and Proposition 8 passed with 52.3 percent of the vote, thousands took to the streets. Where were these people during the campaign? Maybe it was the No on 8 campaign’s fault for not rallying their base, or maybe the base needed the election to wake them up.

“Those of us who live in Los Angeles, San Francisco and New York City, we are able to live our lives without coming face to face with people outside of the cities where we live,” Barrett said. “And when we had a vote that came down against us, it was a slap in the face against us. People responded to [Proposition 8] afterward because people didn’t know how others truly felt before.”

Daily News Roundup: Obama’s Leaky Transition Team

Friday, November 21st, 2008

Obama’s cabinet picks continue to be leaked. Hill’s almost certain as Secretary of State, and now, rumors are floating that New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson —after being rumored to be in conention for Sec. of State—is being tapped for Commerce Secretary. Meanwhile, Arizona Governor, Janet Napolitano is being tapped for Homeland Security.

Just as we were beginning to breathe a bit more easily…We hear that the stock market’s falling again, the credit crisis worsening and the recession set to become a likely mainstay in our lives for a longer, more difficult period of time than most had expected…

But there’s a silver…er gold…er whatever color it is…lining in gas prices we’ve witnessed finally come down slightly from their frightening heights in the $4 range to a more approachable $2.

Iraq remains a hotbed of chaos and discontent as today’s uproar centers around a George Bush effigy, located where Saddam Hussein’s statue once did, a thousands-strong crowd burned to protest the more than likely continuation of an American presence in the country until 2011.

Political junkies still hankering for an election fix can count their lucky stars for the Minnesota recount. Norm Coleman’s lead has been whittled down to less than 100 over Al Franken. However, there are still 800-plus challenged ballots, and more than 49% of precincts to be counted. Sure to be a nail-biter.

Angelina doesn’t simply have Brad whipped, she’s got the media under her thumb, too. Lara Croft’s got news outlets and tabloids doing her bidding. A saavy auto-PR maven, she’s become the uber-star at regulating her image. Seems if mags like People want photos of her nestlings, they can’t simply pay up with cash (which ends up in charity), they have to write about the causes Ms. Jolie supports. While it’s admirable to use popularity for a good cause, but if this rumor’s true, then how else can the media—and journalistic standards—be manipulated toward an infotainment end?

The Libertarian Voter: A Ron Paul Supporter Speaks Out

Monday, November 3rd, 2008

Photo: Ron Paul at his desk.

Connecticut-born Joe Spiegel works in finance in Boulder and New York City. He’s voting for neither John McCain nor Barack Obama.

A registered Libertarian, Spiegel won’t even be checking the box for party candidate Bob Barr.

Come Tuesday, he’s writing in Ron Paul.

Spiegel, who is in his mid-thirties, has said that of all the structural political ideologies and belief systems floating around the states, the one that resonates most deeply with him is that of Republicanism in its most traditional, 18th century form.

John Adams once defined a republic to be “a government of laws, and not of men.” The original sentiments behind Republicanism put personal freedom and the power of written law over the finicky whims of politicians and other such go-betweens.

Similarly, Libertarianism, also born in the late 1700s, remains true to its name: Libertarians prize “liberty,” despise authoritarian governments, believe that people possessing free will may coexist without the need for a governing body, and encourage respect for property, privacy, and the minding of one’s own business.

Joe Spiegel explains that of all the candidates he’s seen bursting into the political arena, Congressman Ron Paul’s views—anti-NATO, anti-UN, anti-federal income tax, anti-Federal Reserve (in favor of hard currency), anti-Patriot Act, anti-gun regulation, anti-No Child Left Behind, anti-War on Drugs, anti-Roe v. Wade (supporting state decisions), non-intervention—hew closest to his own.

We spoke on the phone about his support for Paul:

Do you think you’re wasting your vote by going for a candidate not likely to win?

The only vote that’s wasted is the vote not cast. Sitting something out says ‘I don’t care,’ but I do care. He’s the only candidate I’ve ever given money to. The purpose of an election is not to vote for someone who’s going to win, but to support a candidate whose ideas most closely espouse your own. I think that in the last 50 to 100 years, people have gotten confused about that. We’ve moved away from what a representative government really is. Politicians have to go to Washington to do what their constituents tell them to do.

And Ron Paul…

…Most closely matches my ideas. He’s one of the last real Republicans. He and [Dennis] Kucinich vote only for what they believe in. There’s no background deal. With most politicians, you can tell they’re looking at each other and agreeing ‘you vote for mine; I’ll vote for yours.’ People who think anything’s going to change with the new president are lying to themselves. You can see people’s voting records, but nobody seems to bother to look. Ron Paul’s been consistent: he’s voted against every spending bill and everything that goes against civil liberties (like wire tapping).

It’s really unfortunate that people have developed the idea that Republicans are religious maniacs. It’s an ‘equality of opportunity’ party. It’s become confused with religious zealotry, but in most parts of the country, that’s not true. There’s a lot of misunderstanding; there’s a huge schism in both parties. The people who associate Paul with that kind of zealotry are ignorant about what he believes in.

What do you dislike about McCain and Obama?

I hate all of Obama’s policies. I agree with him on nothing. I find that on the margin, McCain’s ideas are less bad. They’re not great, but they’re less bad. His government would be smaller than an Obama government. But neither one of these guys has fleshed out his ideas. Neither of these guys has real policies. I don’t see either candidate righting the mistakes of the last 60 years.

Schools are a local matter. Libertarians still believe that. You’d think Democrats would like ‘No Child Left Behind,” but they maintain the world view that everything that Bush does is bad. [Warrentless] Wiretapping was a Clinton invention. It’s a bad thing, but no one complained. A lot of things people find distasteful about Bush, like the horrific Patriot Act, only happened because of a Democratic Congress. Congress makes the laws.

You go to New York or Boulder or Berkeley, and that’s all they talk about, how the Patriot Act and wire tapping are bad. So why are they pro-Obama? He supported both.

For the Democrats to turn around and say that it’s all Bush…it should be called a Pelosi policy because both side of the aisles, and law-passing Congress, bear some responsibility.

What do you like about Paul’s internal economic policies?

His promotion of a small government. The past few weeks have shown us that Americans don’t want huge interventions in the economy. They didn’t want a $700 billion bail out using their money. The stock market’s going down anyway. The bank made bad loans, and that was a mistake. Taking out loans you can’t afford is a mistake. Both sides of the transaction cause problems, and I guess both sides deserve to fail then. People get hurt. They’re the collateral damage. But on the whole, [neither] I [nor] Ron Paul like huge interventions.

Do you think Libertarianism, and thus Paul, promote a sort of selfish antithesis to good Samaritanism? That is, how do you feel about welfare or Paul’s approach to it?

I think morally, people can be asked to intervene and help those in need. But I don’t think the welfare system is a good one. There’s a big difference between unemployment benefits, a safety net you pay for, and block grants. The latter are terrible. They’re massive transfers to people that are based on nothing. Moreover, that kind of system is really demeaning, and it’s not structured in such a way to get you out of a difficult situation.

There’s no mandate in the Constitution that says something like welfare should be a federal responsibility. It doesn’t make sense. What will someone in one place know about how to deal with life at the other? It boggles the mind to think a centralized bureaucracy would know how to deal with that kind of thing. You have to attack the problem on the level on which it is suited. A centralized army? Yes. Welfare? No.

What Ron Paul would suggest, and what I would support, is making each individual community and state responsible for their own. It’s not the federal government’s responsibility. The people helping need to be closer to the problem. The system needs to become more localized.

Does it bother you that he opposes Roe v. Wade?

Well I’m totally pro-choice. But no, it doesn’t bother me because I hate Roe v. Wade too. The ruling establishes a precedent. It implies that the Supreme Court can make something up out of thin air. People are so absorbed by the end that they don’t understand the means. They don’t care how they get there, and that’s very dangerous. By giving the court that kind of power, even if the ruling supports something you believe, it opens the door to a terrible thing. Like, ‘We’re going to pretend you have the right to privacy,’ but by saying the Supreme Court can grant rights, you’re allowing it the same power to take them away.

The Court’s job isn’t to infer a right; it oversteps its power. But the truth is that neither side is really interested in resolving this decision, so they save abortion and gun control as emotional issues to get people riled up and emotionally involved in an argument that no President or Vice President really has any power over.

The President doesn’t have the power to regulate firearms. It doesn’t matter whether or not the President or pro-choice or pro-life, he or she doesn’t have the ability to do anything about it [except through the appointment of Supreme Court justices. But see above argument against giving Supreme Court justices the power to make that decision]. If you’re pro-choice, you’ve had 35 years to enshrine this nebulous decision into an actual law. But no, both sides thus have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo.

The Constitution doesn’t say anything about abortions. I agree with Paul that Roe v. Wade’s a terrible court ruling. It should be decided state by state. If you live in a state that doesn’t support abortion and you have to move, so be it. There’s no perfect solution. No one’s forcing you to stay there. It’s not Big Brother’s business what you do.

What’s your reaction to Ron Paul and foreign policy?

By and large, I agree with him that there’s no reason to maintain a presence in other countries. Let’s start with the 1940s. After WWII, there was no reason to maintain that presence in Germany. Fighting Japan was a good idea. The Korean war was crazy. In 2001, the Middle East attacked us, so we had to retaliate. We’re already in Iraq, but we should find a way to get out. It’s very murky and messy. If we’ve had the ability since 1945 to subdue enemies without putting our troops’ lives in jeopardy, we should consider doing so.

People fight; it happens. But there are certain ways of doing it without requiring massive amounts of people anymore. We can use technology to our advantage without committing ourselves to large expenditures or putting lives at risk. I think there’s little need for us to have a far flung military presence in most places.

And in the case of foreign genocide?

That’s a slightly different ball of wax. I think we would have gotten into WWII even if Japan hadn’t attacked Pearl Harbor. In terms of something like Darfur, while I don’t think it’s technically the U.S.’ responsibility, we could have a moral obligation to help. Could we be asked? Yes. Should be asked? Yes. Being asked and responding are, however, very different from unilaterally deciding to do things our way and just stepping in.

Being a Libertarian doesn’t mean you have to be hawkish. There will be times when people aren’t going to live and let live. Strong isolationism means hiding your head in the sand. But I am, and I think Ron Paul is, a supporter of weak isolationism.

How do you feel about the media’s coverage of Paul and the election in general?

Every newspaper, magazine and TV station has a bias against the Right in favor of Obama, especially the New York Times. I have to stay that if you take out the editorial section and just leave the news pages, the Wall Street Journal does a pretty good job of keeping it simply about the news and not about opinion, as does the Economist.